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ASH
Fusion reaction commodity trapped in a plasma. Ash is bad because (a) it usually radiates more strongly than the fuel ions, and thus reduces energy confinement, and (b) it creates additionalplasma pressure and/or reduces pressure accessible for fuel ions.
Controlling ash is a majorarea of fusion studies. Ideally one would be able to extract the ashions after diverting an appropriate fraction of their energy to heating the fuel ions, and then convert the remaining ashenergy to electricity.
Current studies involves using RF waves to transferenergy from ashions to fuel ions, and to push the ashinto the scrape-off layer, where it can be collected via divertors.